Authors: Atiye Saeedi Sadr, Hassan Ehteram, Elahe Seyed Hosseini, Marziyeh Alizadeh Zarei, Hassan Hassani Bafrani & Hamed Haddad Kashani
Abstract
Introduction
Irisin is a newly discovered myokine released from skeletal muscle during exercise. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteolytic enzymes that play a key role in the metastatic process via degrading extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of irisin on expression of metastatic markers MMP2 and MMP9 and induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells.
Methods
In this study, we examined the effect of different concentrations of irisin on induced apoptosis and cell viability of two cell lines, LNCaP and DU-145, by using flow cytometry and MTT assay, respectively. The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 genes was also analyzed by real-time PCR after irisin treatment. Data were analyzed using the comparative cycle threshold 2−∆∆Ct method.
Results
Cell viability was reduced in both LNCaP and DU-145 cell lines at different concentrations of irisin. However, this decreased cell viability was strongly significant (p < 0.05) only at 5 and 10 nM concentrations of irisin in the LNCaP cell line. Furthermore, irisin could induce apoptosis in both cell lines at a concentration of 10 nM compared to 5 nM. Real-time PCR results also demonstrated a decreased expression in MMP2 and MMP9 genes in a concentration-dependent manner in both cell lines.
Conclusion
These results showed the anticancer effects of irisin on cell viability of both LNCaP and DU-145 cell lines and also on the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 genes occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
Key Summary Points |
Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine released from skeletal muscle. |
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteolytic enzymes involved in facilitating cancer metastasis. |
Irisin inhibits tumor development and induces apoptosis by inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activate anticancer mechanisms though various signaling pathways. |
Irisin decreases the expression of MMP2 and MMP9, which may be potential cancer markers in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. |