The team therefore investigated Q-122, “a novel, orally bioavailable, non-hormonal, small molecule” that targets the activation of kisspeptin, neurokinin B, and dynorphin neurons – known to play a role in the etiology of vasomotor symptoms – by a mechanism other than neurokinin 3 receptor antagonism.

Physicians should be aware of the likelihood of pathologic etiology in advanced breast cancer patients who have sustained fractures of the vertebrae, say US researchers.

Unger et al conclude: “Future research should examine whether the etiology of this residual disparity is related to reduced access to supportive care or postprotocol therapy and/or to differences in health status—determined using linked data sources such as Medicare claims—not reflected by protocol staging criteria.” medwireNews is an independent medical news service provided by Springer Healthcare Ltd. © 2021 Springer Healthcare Ltd, part of the Springer Nature Group J Clin Oncol 2021; doi:10.1200/JCO.20.02602

He added, however, that the incidence of certain AEs with suspected immune etiology, such as rash, was “marginally higher than anticipated,” and immune-related AEs “will need to be closely monitored in future studies of this combination.”

Mel Greaves (Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK) discusses his proposed theory for the etiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in which early microbial exposure plays a key role (10:21).

Mel Greaves (Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK) discusses his proposed theory for the etiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in which early microbial exposure plays a key role (10:21).

These key points of assessment can help determine the etiology of symptoms and whether they are directly or indirectly related to the administration of the immunotherapy drug.

If the diarrhea persists and the etiology is unclear, HCPs should consider colonoscopy.

Drug-related side effects of immune etiology – specifically, proteinuria, pneumonitis, and hepatitis – led to discontinuation in three patients.

Yael Mossé (University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia) and colleagues explain that “[i]ncreased attention is being placed on the development of targeted agents for patients with cancers that share a molecular etiology to expedite clinical testing of potentially active drugs for rare indications.”

They add: “The findings emphasize the complexity of the etiology of cancer development and the difficulties in determining the role of individual risk factors in the face of simultaneous exposures.”

Nat Rev Cancer 2017; 17: 223–238. doi: 10.1038/nrc.2017.7