This was followed by four cycles of doxorubicin 60 mg/m 2 and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 given every 2 weeks and surgery.

They explain that the GIM2 study previously demonstrated that women with node-positive early breast cancer did not derive a significant survival benefit from the use of fluorouracil alongside epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel, but that giving the regimen every 2 weeks instead of every 3 weeks improved both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

The researchers note that their findings contrast with those of the IMpassion050 trial, which combined neoadjuvant atezolizumab or placebo with dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide and found no difference in the pCR rate between the two treatment arms in either the intention-to-treat or PD-L1–positive populations.

All patients were then given four cycles of epirubicin 90 mg/m 2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 every 2 or 3 weeks, according to the physician’s choice.

Adding a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog to cyclophosphamide-containing chemotherapy significantly reduces the risk for premature ovarian insufficiency in premenopausal women with breast cancer, Chinese research shows.

The latter consisted of four cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m 2 followed by four cycles of epirubicin 75 mg/m 2 plus cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m 2 .

After a median 15 years of follow-up, the OS rate was 77.6% for the 751 patients with axillary node-positive or high-risk node-negative disease who were randomly assigned to receive three cycles of docetaxel plus capecitabine followed by three cycles of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and capecitabine.

Categorization of the trials by their design showed that the reduction in recurrence risk appeared to be driven by the three studies (n=2469 patients) that compared six cycles of concurrent anthracycline, docetaxel, and cyclophosphamide with six cycles of the same dose of docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide.

All patients received four cycles of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide after completion of the randomized regimens and before undergoing surgery.

Participants in the experimental arm received lurbinectedin 2 mg/m 2 plus doxorubicin 40 mg/m 2 every 3 weeks, while those in the control arm could receive either topotecan 1.5 mg/m 2 on days 1–5 of every 21-day cycle or cyclophosphamide 1000 mg/m 2 , doxorubicin 45 mg/m 2 , and vincristine 2 mg every 3 weeks.

In all, 1174 patients with previously untreated, nonmetastatic (stage T1c N1-2 or T2-4 N0-2), triple-negative disease were randomly allocated to treatment with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab 200 mg (n=784) or placebo (n=390) every 3 weeks, each given with four cycles of paclitaxel plus carboplatin, followed by four cycles of doxorubicin or epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide.

Initially, the patients were randomly assigned to receive adjuvant chemotherapy with three cycles of fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide followed by three cycles of docetaxel with or without gemcitabine.

In the phase 3 study, 454 patients with clinical stage T2–T4, N1–N3, M0 disease were randomly assigned to receive atezolizumab or placebo alongside four cycles of neoadjuvant dose-dense doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide.

After this, both groups received additional nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m² weekly for 12 weeks then epirubicin 90 mg/m 2 and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 every 2 weeks for 4 cycles.

The 397 patients with stage IIA–III disease recruited to the open-label, phase 2 cardiac safety study were assigned by physician’s choice to receive one of the neoadjuvant treatment regimens outlined below: four cycles of dose-dense doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by 12 cycles of weekly paclitaxel alongside four cycles of concurrent pertuzumab–trastuzumab every 3 weeks; four cycles of 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC) every 3 weeks followed by four cycles of docetaxel alongside four cycles of concurrent pertuzumab–trastuzumab every 3 weeks.

This was followed by the same dose of atezolizumab or placebo together with doxorubicin 60 mg/m 2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 every 2 weeks for a further 8 weeks.

They add: “Interestingly, none of the lung cancer cases had been exposed to cyclophosphamide or methotrexate, and all had been exposed to antimalarial agents for at least 5 years; this precluded us being able to calculate specific estimates of risk for lung cancer for these agents.”

This was significantly higher than the 80.3% rate for their 322 counterparts who instead received three cycles of cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m 2 , epirubicin 100 mg/m 2 , and fluorouracil 500 mg/m 2 every 3 weeks followed by three cycles of 3-weekly docetaxel 100 mg/m 2 , and equated to a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.65 favoring the platinum-based regimen.

The team analyzed data from the 1346 normal-weight (BMI ≥18.5 and <25 kg/m 2 ), 951 overweight (≥25 and <30 kg/m 2 ), and 542 obese (≥30 kg/m 2 ) participants of the BIG 2-98 trial that investigated the sequential or concurrent addition of docetaxel to adjuvant doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil for clinical stage T1–T3 disease with at least one positive lymph node.