End-of-study findings from the GIM2 trial indicate that adjuvant anthracyclines plus taxane chemotherapy for high-risk early breast cancer should be given in a dose-dense regimen and should not include fluorouracil.

Men are less likely than women to achieve a pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for invasive, nonmetastatic breast cancer, US researchers report.

Clinically fit older women with early breast cancer are more likely to experience a chemotherapy-induced decline in frailty status if they have high pretreatment levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein, research shows.

Results from the phase 2 NEOBLADE trial show no significant improvement in the rate of pathologic complete response among patients with locally advanced muscle-invasive bladder cancer who receive the multikinase inhibitor nintedanib alongside standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The risk for neurologic adverse events is significantly lower with immune checkpoint inhibitors than with other cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy, suggest results of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

All regimens were compared with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy.

The use of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer and up to three positive lymph nodes could be guided by the 21-gene recurrence score and response to preoperative endocrine therapy, research suggests.

Specifically, the atezolizumab group experienced a significantly higher incidence of liver transaminase abnormalities than the chemotherapy alone group, at both any-grade (38 vs 18%) and grade 3 (8% vs 1%).

TRAEs led to dose alterations in 67% of 39 evaluable patients but these were primarily related to chemotherapy and did not delay surgery; 92% of patients completed four cycles of chemotherapy and 74% received all six planned doses of atezolizumab.

The first nine doses of DCVAC/PCa or placebo were given in 3–4-week intervals alongside chemotherapy, and the remaining six doses were given as maintenance therapy at 4-week intervals.

Adding a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog to cyclophosphamide-containing chemotherapy significantly reduces the risk for premature ovarian insufficiency in premenopausal women with breast cancer, Chinese research shows.

Conclusion In this exploratory analysis, fosnetupitant appeared to be more effective than fosaprepitant in preventing CINV associated with cisplatin-based HEC during the extended 7-day period following chemotherapy. s40487-022-00188-2 [Digital feature] DOI [Teaser] Key Summary Points Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is described as occurring in two arbitrarily defined phases: the acute phase (from 0 to 24 h following chemotherapy initiation) and the delayed phase (from 24 h to 120 h), with almost all antiemetic studies evaluating treatment efficacy only to 120 h after the administration of chemotherapy.

Disease-free survival benefit of osimertinib persists in patients with stage IB–IIIA EGFR -positive non-small-cell lung cancer regardless of adjuvant chemotherapy use, suggest exploratory analyses of the phase 3 ADAURA trial.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to radical cystectomy is likely to benefit patients with non-luminal muscle-invasive bladder cancer, but not those with luminal tumors, suggests a retrospective analysis.

The diagnosis of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy lacks a gold standard.

In three clinical randomized trials, trilaciclib administration prior to standard-of-care chemotherapy for ES-SCLC reduced myelosuppression and the need for rescue interventions, improved patient-reported outcomes and the safety profile of the chemotherapy regimens, and had no impact on antitumor efficacy. s40267-021-00889-0 [Plain language summary] DOI [Teaser] Adis evaluation of trilaciclib (COSELA™) for the reduction of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in the management of ES-SCLC First intravenous CDK 4/6 inhibitor approved to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) in patients with ES-SCLC Administered prior to chemotherapy Provides multilineage myeloprotection, reducing the need for supportive care interventions and dose delays/reductions and hospitalizations related to CIM and sepsis Provides improvements in patient-reported outcomes Improves overall safety profile of chemotherapy regimens

A geriatric assessment-driven intervention may reduce the risk for grade 3 or higher chemotherapy-related toxicities in older people with cancer, research suggests.

The mean GA at chemotherapy administration was 17.42 weeks.