Klin Padiatr 2012; 224(03): 197-200
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1308986
Report
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Early Phase Clinical Trials in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

Phase-I/II-Studien in der pädiatrischen Hämatologie und Onkologie
S. Corbacioglu
1   Pediatrics, University of Regensburg, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
17 April 2012 (online)

Abstract

Pediatric oncology is an unrivaled success story in the recent history of medicine. This success is mostly based on a persistent refinement of evidence based therapeutic concepts. With that regard physicians and their staff are highly experience in the conduct of prospective evidence based trials and are therefore competent partners for the pharmaceutical industry. In times of personalized medicine the individual target population is diminishing and the borders of indications are not more disease based. A situation that requires new concepts from the industry. Therefore children with cancer could benefit early from the current developments as well as the pharmaceutical industry could benefit from the legislative incentives through highly recruiting and well conducted prospective trials. Pivotal is a functional platform of communication in order to maintain a close dialogue between academia and pharmaceutical companies.

Zusammenfassung

Wie die Heilungsraten in der pädiatrischen Onkologie erzielt wurden, ist eine der großen Erfolgsgeschichten der Medizin der letzten Jahrzehnte. Erzielt wurden sie vor allem durch eine kontinuierliche Verbesserung evidenzbasierter Therapiekonzepte. Es stehen der pharmazeutische Industrie somit kompetente Partner mit langjähriger Erfahrung in der Durchführung prospektiver randomisierter klinischer Studien zur Verfügung. In Zeiten der personalisierten Medizin reduzieren sich die therapeutischen Zielgruppen, und die Indikationen dieser neuen Pharmaka überschreiten die Krankheitsgrenzen. Unter den gegebenen legislativen Voraussetzungen könnten sowohl Kinder mit onkologischen Erkrankungen als auch die pharmazeutische Industrie von professionell durchgeführten und gut rekrutierenden klinischen Studien profitieren. Wichtig ist dabei die Etablierung einer Kommunikationsplattform, um den Dialog zwischen der pharmazeutischen Industrie und akademischen Partnern aufrecht zu erhalten.

 
  • References

  • 1 Ablett S, Doz F, Morland B et al. European collaboration in trials of new agents for children with cancer. Eur J Cancer 2004; 40: 1886-1892
  • 2 Bergmann L, Berns B, Dalgleish AG et al. Investigator-initiated trials of targeted oncology agents: why independent research is at risk?. Ann Oncol 2010; 21: 1573-1578
  • 3 Bleyer WA. The impact of childhood cancer on the United States and the world. Cancer J Clin 1990; 40: 355-367
  • 4 Boklan J. Little patients, losing patience: pediatric cancer drug development. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5: 1905-1908
  • 5 Brecht IB, Graf N, Schweinitz D et al. Networking for children and adolescents with very rare tumors: foundation of the GPOH Pediatric Rare Tumor Group. Klin Padtr 2009; 221: 181-185
  • 6 Brenner H, Kaatsch P, Burkhardt-Hammer T et al. Long-term survival of children with leukemia achieved by the end of the second millennium. Cancer 2001; 92: 1977-1983
  • 7 Bucheler R, Meisner C, Kalchthaler B et al. “Off-label” prescribing of drugs in the ambulatory care of children and adolescents. Deut Med Wochenschr 2002; 127: 2551-2557
  • 8 Caldwell PH, Murphy SB, Butow PN et al. Clinical trials in children. Lancet 2004; 364: 803-811
  • 9 Choonara I. Unlicensed and off-label drug use in children: implications for safety. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2004; 3: 81-83
  • 10 Conroy S, McIntyre J, Choonara I. Unlicensed and off label drug use in neonates. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1999; 80: F142-F144 discussion F144–F145
  • 11 Corbacioglu S, Cesaro S, Faraci M et al. A randomised controlled trial of defibrotide for the prophylaxis of hepatic veno-occlusive disease in paediatric stem-cell transplantation. Lancet 2012; DOI: doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61938-7.
  • 12 DiMasi JA, Hansen RW, Grabowski HG. The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs. J Health Econ 2003; 22: 151-185
  • 13 Druker BJ, Talpaz M, Resta DJ et al. Efficacy and safety of a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in chronic myeloid leukemia. NEJM 2001; 344: 1031-1037
  • 14 Geoerger B, Vassal G. Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer (ITCC): Clinical trial programm. Klin Padiatr 2011; 223 (50) DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270318.
  • 15 Gulland A. Number of global clinical trials done in UK fell by two thirds after EU directive. BMJ 2009; 338: b1052
  • 16 Houghton PJ. Development of Novel Therapy for Childhood Cancer: Promise and challenges. Klin Padiatr 2011; 223 (50) DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270316.
  • 17 Jordan VC, Koerner S. Tamoxifen (ICI 46 474) and the human carcinoma 8 S oestrogen receptor. Eur J Cancer 1975; 11: 205-206
  • 18 Murphy SB. The national impact of clinical cooperative group trials for pediatric cancer. Med Pediatr Oncol 1995; 24: 279-280
  • 19 Nathan PC, Ness KK, Mahoney MC et al. Screening and surveillance for second malignant neoplasms in adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. Ann Intern Med 2010; 153: 442-451
  • 20 Neubert A, Dormann H, Weiss J et al. The impact of unlicensed and off-label drug use on adverse drug reactions in paediatric patients. Drug Saf 2004; 27: 1059-1067
  • 21 Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Sklar CA et al. Chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer. NEJM 2006; 355: 1572-1582 DOI: .
  • 22 Pharmaceutical Industry Profile 2004 In: Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). ed PhRMA; Washington DC: 2004. 2004
  • 23 Sammons H. Ethical issues of clinical trials in children: a European perspective. Arch Dis Child 2009; 94: 474-477
  • 24 Sammons H. Ethical issues of clinical trials in children: a European perspective.. Arch Dis Child 2009; 94: 474-477
  • 25 Schneider DT, Brecht IB. Care for rare cancers: improved care requires improved communication. Klin Padtr 2010; 222: 124-126
  • 26 Shirkey H. Therapeutic orphans. J Pediatr 1968; 72: 119-120
  • 27 Shiroiwa T, Motoo Y, Tsutani K. Cost-effectiveness analysis of KRAS testing and cetuximab as last-line therapy for colorectal cancer. Mol Diagn Ther 2010; 14: 375-384 DOI: .
  • 28 Simone JV, Lyons J. The evolution of cancer care for children and adults. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 2904-2905
  • 29 Sinha G. European move affects academic trials research. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98: 1100-1101
  • 30 Slamon DJ, Leyland-Jones B, Shak S et al. Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2. NEJM 2001; 344: 783-792
  • 31 Sullivan R, Peppercorn J, Sikora K et al. Delivering affordable cancer care in high-income countries. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12: 933-980
  • 32 Turner S, Longworth A, Nunn AJ et al. Unlicensed and off label drug use in paediatric wards: prospective study. BMJ 1998; 316: 343-345
  • 33 Turner S, Nunn AJ, Fielding K et al. Adverse drug reactions to unlicensed and off-label drugs on paediatric wards: a prospective study. Acta Paediatr 1999; 88: 965-968