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Medicine Matters oncology

Thyroid dysfunction is the second most frequent endocrine organ involved in ICI therapy although, unfortunately, data gathered from clinical trials is limited. Damage to the thyroid gland induced by ICI agents can present as thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, or transient hyperthyroidism. Rare cases of Graves' ophthalmopathy have also been reported, with patients reporting periorbital or pain in the extraocular muscles, with lab tests showing elevation of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-receptor antibodies but normal thyroid function [1].