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04-10-2018 | Non-small-cell lung cancer | News

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Hyperprogression, pseudoprogression specific to PD-1 pathway inhibitor therapy

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medwireNews: Hyperprogression and pseudoprogression appear to be response patterns that are specific to immunotherapy with inhibitors of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, say researchers.

They previously reported a hyperprogression rate of 16% among 242 patients who received an anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 agent for stage III–IV disease, finding also that hyperprogression was associated with worse survival.

In this updated analysis, hyperprogression – defined as disease progression at the first evaluation with an increase in the tumor growth rate of 50% or more from baseline – was observed in 13.8% of 406 immunotherapy-treated patients.

Additionally, 4.7% of participants were classified as pseudoprogressors, as they achieved a complete or partial response or stable disease for at least 6 months after initially demonstrating disease progression.

By contrast, just 5.1% of 59 control patients who received single-agent chemotherapy were considered to have hyperprogressive disease, while none had pseudoprogression, “suggesting that these patterns are new and specific to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors,” comment Benjamin Besse, from Gustave Roussy in Villejuif, France and team in JAMA Oncology.

They ask patients and clinicians to be aware of hyperprogressive disease “to properly select the best treatment and carefully monitor disease evolution.”

By Shreeya Nanda

medwireNews is an independent medical news service provided by Springer Healthcare. © 2018 Springer Healthcare part of the Springer Nature group

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