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20-04-2016 | Multiple myeloma | Article

Histone deacetylase inhibitors in multiple myeloma: from bench to bedside

Journal: International Journal of Hematology

Authors: Takeshi Harada, Teru Hideshima, Kenneth C. Anderson

Publisher: Springer Japan

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Abstract

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) deacetylate the lysine residues of both histones and non-histone proteins. Histone acetylation results in a loose local chromatin structure that regulates gene-specific transcription. Non-histone proteins can also be acetylated, leading to dynamic changes in their activity and stability. For these reasons, HDAC inhibition has emerged as a potential approach for the treatment of MM. Specifically, combination treatment with HDAC inhibitors and proteasome inhibitors or immunomodulatory drugs shows remarkable anti-MM activity in both preclinical and clinical settings. However, the clinical studies using non-selective HDAC inhibitors also cause unfavorable side effects in patients, leading us to develop more isoform- and/or class–selective HDAC inhibitors to enhance tolerability without diminishing anti-MM activity, thereby improving patient outcome in MM.
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