Abstract
The IDO pathway is implicated in a number of settings which lead to acquired peripheral tolerance. One such setting may be the functional tolerance displayed by tumor-bearing hosts toward tumor-associated antigens. Foxp3+ Tregs are now recognized as a major contributor to tumor-induced immune suppression and functional tolerance. Emerging evidence links the IDO pathway with Treg biology at several points. The first is the ability of IDO-expressing DCs to drive the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells toward a Foxp3+ (inducible Treg) phenotype. The second link is the ability of IDO-expressing DCs to directly activate mature, pre-existing Tregs for markedly enhanced suppression of target cells. And the third link is the ability of IDO to prevent the inflammation-induced conversion (“reprogramming”) of Tregs into pro-inflammatory T-helper-like cells in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that IDO may represent an important regulatory checkpoint influencing Treg activity: both by stabilizing and augmenting the suppressive phenotype, and by preventing Treg reprogramming into non-suppressive helper-like cells.
Keywords: Regulatory T cells, Foxp3, IDO, dendritic cells, tumor immunology, peripheral tolerance, tumor-induced immune suppression, Treg biology, CD4+ T cells, inducible Treg
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, Tregs and Cancer
Volume: 18 Issue: 15
Author(s): D. H. Munn
Affiliation:
Keywords: Regulatory T cells, Foxp3, IDO, dendritic cells, tumor immunology, peripheral tolerance, tumor-induced immune suppression, Treg biology, CD4+ T cells, inducible Treg
Abstract: The IDO pathway is implicated in a number of settings which lead to acquired peripheral tolerance. One such setting may be the functional tolerance displayed by tumor-bearing hosts toward tumor-associated antigens. Foxp3+ Tregs are now recognized as a major contributor to tumor-induced immune suppression and functional tolerance. Emerging evidence links the IDO pathway with Treg biology at several points. The first is the ability of IDO-expressing DCs to drive the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells toward a Foxp3+ (inducible Treg) phenotype. The second link is the ability of IDO-expressing DCs to directly activate mature, pre-existing Tregs for markedly enhanced suppression of target cells. And the third link is the ability of IDO to prevent the inflammation-induced conversion (“reprogramming”) of Tregs into pro-inflammatory T-helper-like cells in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that IDO may represent an important regulatory checkpoint influencing Treg activity: both by stabilizing and augmenting the suppressive phenotype, and by preventing Treg reprogramming into non-suppressive helper-like cells.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
H. Munn D., Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, Tregs and Cancer, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2011; 18 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986711795656045
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986711795656045 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cells: Functional and Mechanistic Links
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glycosidated Phospholipids – a Promising Group of Anti-Tumour Lipids
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry NCRNA Combined Therapy as Future Treatment Option for Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Research Progress of PARP Inhibitor Monotherapy and Combination Therapy for Endometrial Cancer
Current Drug Targets The Emergence of Non-coding RNAs as Versatile and Efficient Therapeutic Tools
Current Gene Therapy Curcumin Suppresses Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in Human Glioma Cells Through Modulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/ Angiopoietin-2/Thrombospondin-1 Signaling
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Assessment of the Usefulness of the SEMA5A Concentration Profile Changes as a Molecular Marker in Endometrial Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Applications of HPLC-MALDI-TOF MS/MS Phosphoproteomic Analysis in Oncological Clinical Diagnostics
Current Proteomics Role of Progesterone in Human Astrocytomas Growth
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Sentinel Node Imaging
Current Medical Imaging The Pharmacological Pathways of GnRH Mediating the Inhibition of Mammary Tumours: Implications in Humans and Domestic Animals
Current Medicinal Chemistry Outcome Measures Following Sonodynamic Photodynamic Therapy – A Case Series
Current Drug Therapy Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Effects on Multiple Organ Systems
Current Medicinal Chemistry Sonoelastography for Pelvic Metastatic Malignant Pheochromocytoma: A Case Report
Current Medical Imaging Three Decades of P-gp Inhibitors: Skimming Through Several Generations and Scaffolds
Current Medicinal Chemistry Antagonists of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Oncology
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Type 1 11 β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase as Universal Drug Target in Metabolic Diseases?
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Microenvironmental Regulation of Cancer Stem Cell Phenotypes
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Cytokine Antibody Arrays in Biomarker Discovery and Validation
Current Proteomics Screening of Candidate Pathogenic Genes for Spontaneous Abortion Using Whole Exome Sequencing
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening