Abstract
Through the European Research Initiative on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (ERIC), we screened 3490 patients with CLL for mutations within the NOTCH1 (n=3334), SF3B1 (n=2322), TP53 (n=2309), MYD88 (n=1080) and BIRC3 (n=919) genes, mainly at diagnosis (75%) and before treatment (>90%). BIRC3 mutations (2.5%) were associated with unmutated IGHV genes (U-CLL), del(11q) and trisomy 12, whereas MYD88 mutations (2.2%) were exclusively found among M-CLL. NOTCH1, SF3B1 and TP53 exhibited variable frequencies and were mostly enriched within clinically aggressive cases. Interestingly, as the timespan between diagnosis and mutational screening increased, so too did the incidence of SF3B1 mutations; no such increase was observed for NOTCH1 mutations. Regarding the clinical impact, NOTCH1 mutations, SF3B1 mutations and TP53 aberrations (deletion/mutation, TP53ab) correlated with shorter time-to-first-treatment (P<0.0001) in 889 treatment-naive Binet stage A cases. In multivariate analysis (n=774), SF3B1 mutations and TP53ab along with del(11q) and U-CLL, but not NOTCH1 mutations, retained independent significance. Importantly, TP53ab and SF3B1 mutations had an adverse impact even in U-CLL. In conclusion, we support the clinical relevance of novel recurrent mutations in CLL, highlighting the adverse impact of SF3B1 and TP53 mutations, even independent of IGHV mutational status, thus underscoring the need for urgent standardization/harmonization of the detection methods.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the European Research Initiative in CLL steering board for all their support during this project. We thank Jitka Malcikova and Karla Plevova for their valuable comments and help in sample management and to Jana Smardova for FASAY analysis. This research was funded by the Nordic Cancer Union, the Swedish Cancer Society, the Swedish Research Council and Lion’s Cancer Research Foundation, Uppsala; Cancer Research UK, Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research, Kay Kendall Leukaemia Fund, United Kingdom; Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) (Investigator grant and Molecular Clinical Oncology Program 5xMille no. 9965, no. 10007), Milano, Italy; Ricerca Finalizzata 2010, Ministero della Salute, Roma, Italy; the ENosAI project (code 09SYN-13-880) co-funded by the EU and the Hellenic General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; by project MSMT-CR VaVPI CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068 (CEITEC), research grant IGA-MZ-CR NT13493-4/2012 and 7th FP Health project NGS-PTL/2012-2015/no. 306242 of European Commission and MSMT-CR (2013-2015, no. 7E13008), and the ICGC-CLL Genome Project from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) through the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RTICC RD12/0036/0023 and PIE PI043043), Spain. Andreas Agathangelidis is a recipient of a fellowship by Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro AIRC (Triennial fellowship ‘Guglielmina Lucatello é Gino Mazzega’).
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KS receives research support from Roche SA. JCS has financial support from Hoffman La Roche.
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Baliakas, P., Hadzidimitriou, A., Sutton, LA. et al. Recurrent mutations refine prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia 29, 329–336 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2014.196
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2014.196
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