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Management of Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer—Recent Advances and Optimal Sequence of Treatments

  • Prostate Cancer (D Parekh, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Until 2010, chemotherapy with docetaxel was the only approved agent for treatment of metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Since then, the therapeutic landscape of mCRPC has changed rapidly. Multiple novel agents have received regulatory approval after demonstrating improved overall survival in separate randomized Phase 3 studies. These include immunotherapeutic agent sipuleucel-T, androgen axis inhibitors abiraterone and enzalutamide, and a novel microtubule inhibitor cabazitaxel. More recently, radium-223, a bone-targeting alpha emitting radiopharmaceutical, was reported to improve skeletal related events, as well as overall survival in a Phase 3 randomized study. Additionally, there are several promising agents in the advanced stages of clinical development. Here, we describe the agents recently shown to improve overall survival, and those that have reached the advanced stages of development in Phase 3 clinical trials. We will also propose a strategy for optimal sequencing of these agents in the treatment of mCRPC.

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Disclosure

Dr. Tian Yi Zhang reported no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

Dr. Neeraj Agarwal received a consultancy from Dendreon. Dr. Agarwal received grants/grants pending from Novartis, GSK, Merrimack, Amgen, Dendreon, Spectrum, Millennium, Pfizer, ImClone, Active Biotech, BMS, and Medivation.

Dr. Guru Sonpavde received consultancies from Novartis, Pfizer and Sanofi-Aventis. Dr. Sonpavde received grants/grants pending from BMS, Celgene, Bellicum Pharmaceuticals, and Sanofi-Aventis. Dr. Sonpavde received payment for development of educational presentations including service on speakers' bureaus from Janssen, Sanofi-Aventis, and Amgen.

Dr. Giuseppe DiLorenzo received consultancies from Novartis, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Aventis. Dr. DiLorenzo received payment for development of educational presentations including service on speakers' bureaus from GSK and Janssen.

Dr. Joaquim Bellmunt received consultancies from Astellas, Novartis, Dendreon, and Pfizer. Dr. Bellmunt received a grant from Pfizer. Dr. received payment for development of educational presentations including service on speakers’ bureaus from Janssen, Sanofi-Aventis, Amgen, Novartis, and GSK.

Dr. Nicholas J. Vogelzang received consultancies from Viamet, Exelixis, Dendreon, Sanofi Aventis, and Progenics. Dr. Vogelzang received a grant from Alpharadin and honoraria from Novartis. Dr. Vogelzang is employed by US Oncology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Ste 2123, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Tian Yi Zhang & Neeraj Agarwal

  2. University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Guru Sonpavde

  3. University Federico II, Napoli, Italy

    Giuseppe DiLorenzo

  4. University Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain

    Joaquim Bellmunt

  5. Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA

    Nicholas J. Vogelzang

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  1. Tian Yi Zhang
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  2. Neeraj Agarwal
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  4. Giuseppe DiLorenzo
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  5. Joaquim Bellmunt
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  6. Nicholas J. Vogelzang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Neeraj Agarwal.

Additional information

Tian Yi Zhang and Neeraj Agarwal contributed equally to this paper.

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Zhang, T.Y., Agarwal, N., Sonpavde, G. et al. Management of Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer—Recent Advances and Optimal Sequence of Treatments. Curr Urol Rep 14, 174–183 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-013-0322-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-013-0322-0

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