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Subtype of dietary fat in relation to risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: a population-based case–control study in Connecticut and Massachusetts

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Abstract

Few epidemiological studies have examined the relationship between dietary fat, which may affect immune function and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that high dietary intake of fat and specific subtypes of fat is associated with the risk of HL among 486 HL cases and 630 population-based controls recruited between 1997 and 2000 in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) stratified by age and gender. Among younger adults, HL risk was significantly and positively associated with higher intake of saturated fat [ORs for increasing quartiles = 1.3, 1.8, and 2.1; p trend = 0.04] and negatively associated with higher intake of monounsaturated fat [ORs for increasing quartiles = 0.5, 0.5, and 0.4; p trend = 0.03), after adjustment for potential confounders including lifestyle and other dietary factors. The associations with saturated fat (ORs for increasing quartile = 2.4, 3.2, and 4.4; p trend < 0.01] and monounsaturated fat (ORs for increasing quartile = 0.3, 0.6, and 0.3; p trend = 0.04) were most apparent in younger women, whereas there was no significant association between intake of total fat or any type of fat and risk of HL in older females or younger or older males. These findings show that the associations between dietary fat and risk of HL may vary by gender and age and require confirmation in other populations.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Public Health Service grants P01 CA069266-01A1 (N. E. Mueller) and T32 CA09001-24 (E. T. Chang) from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, and by Fogarty training grants D43TW 008323 and D43TW 007864-01 from the National Institutes of Health (T. Zheng).

The authors thank Kathryn Trainor, Patricia Morey, and Karen Pawlish (Harvard School of Public Health) for their thorough management of the project and its databases. In addition, we thank Mary Fronk (Harvard School of Public Health) for her capable administrative support. Judith Fine, Rajni Mehta, and Patricia Owens (Yale University Rapid Case Ascertainment and School of Medicine); and Dan Friedman (Massachusetts Cancer Registry).

In Massachusetts, participating case patients were identified from the following sources with institutional review board approval: AtlantiCare Medical Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Beverly Hospital, Boston Medical Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Brockton Hospital, Brockton VA/West Roxbury Hospital, Cambridge Hospital, Caritas Southwood Hospital, Carney Hospital, Children’s Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Deaconess Glover Memorial Hospital, Deaconess Waltham Hospital, Emerson Hospital, Faulkner Hospital, Good Samaritan Medical Center, Harvard Vanguard, Holy Family Hospital and Medical Center, Jordan Hospital, Lahey Hitchcock Medical Center, Lawrence General Hospital, Lawrence Memorial Hospital of Medford, Lowell General Hospital, Massachusetts Cancer Registry, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts General Hospital, Melrose-Wakefield Hospital, MetroWest Medical Center, Morton Hospital, Mount Auburn Hospital, New England Baptist Hospital, New England Medical Center, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, North Shore Medical Center, Norwood Hospital, Quincy Hospital, Saint’s Memorial Hospital, South Shore Hospital, St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, Sturdy Memorial Hospital, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, and Winchester Hospital.

In Connecticut, participating case patients were identified from the following sources with institutional review board approval: Bridgeport Hospital, Bristol Hospital, Charlotte Hungerford Hospital, Connecticut Department of Public Health Human Investigation Committee, Danbury Hospital, Day-Kimball Hospital, Greenwich Hospital, Griffin Hospital, Hartford Hospital, Johnson Memorial Hospital, Lawrence and Memorial Hospital, Manchester Memorial Hospital, MidState Medical Center, Middlesex Memorial Hospital, Milford Hospital, New Britain General Hospital, New Milford Hospital, Norwalk Hospital, Rockville General Hospital, Sharon Hospital, St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center, St. Mary’s Hospital, St. Raphael’s Hospital, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Stamford Hospital, WW Backus Hospital, Waterbury Hospital, Windham Hospital, and Yale-New Haven Hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

    Yongshun Gao

  2. Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA

    Yongshun Gao, Qian Li, Bryan A. Bassig, Yawei Zhang & Tongzhang Zheng

  3. National Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Hospital/Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

    Qian Li & Min Dai

  4. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

    Ellen T. Chang

  5. Exponent, Inc., Health Sciences Practice, Menlo Park, CA, USA

    Ellen T. Chang

  6. Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA

    Qin Qin

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  1. Yongshun Gao
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  2. Qian Li
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  4. Ellen T. Chang
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Correspondence to Tongzhang Zheng.

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Gao, Y., Li, Q., Bassig, B.A. et al. Subtype of dietary fat in relation to risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: a population-based case–control study in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Cancer Causes Control 24, 485–494 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0136-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0136-2

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